According to chroniclers, the name Tambomachay combines two Quechua words: Tampu (collective accommodation) and Mach’ay (resting place or caverns). These stone structures were naturally formed by the waterways coming from nearby wells and thermal springs.
Alternately known as El Baño del Inca in Spanish, Tambomachay is an intriguing site because its exact purpose remains unknown. Though some historians speculate that it might have been a ceremonial site or a spa resort for Inca royalty and political elite, others theorize it to have been a military outpost. It was probably a combination of all three.
Nevertheless, this site holds up its archaeological wonders showcased in the aqueducts, canals, and waterfalls running through its terraced rocks. Located about 6.4 kilometers north of Cusco, Tambomachay is perched on a hill 3,700 meters above sea level and is composed of three-stepped terraces highlighting the precision of Inca stonework.
Large boulders, without the use of mortar, were fit together in a way that made them resistant to earthquakes for centuries. Trapezoid niches were built into the retaining wall, and the whole structure fed into a natural spring that waters the built-in aqueducts, canals, and waterfalls.
These sophisticated water-centric structures are still functional and their engineering testifies to the Inca’s advanced understanding of hydraulics and incorporating them into their water worship ceremonies.
Right in front of the enclosures comprising Tambochay, stands the remains of a tower that was naturally built on a rock, serving as an excellent vantage point, a fact that fueled the theory that Tambochay was also a military outpost.
Fun Facts
Tambomachay is close to other notable Inca sites like Sacsayhuamán, Q’enqo, and Puka Pukara, facilitating a smooth tour from one archaeological site to another.
About 800 meters away from the site are hot springs with medicinal properties where you can take a dip.
The Tambomachay archaeological complex lies between hills covered with “Ichu,” a type of grass endemic to the region. Beautiful flowers also appear during certain seasons.
How to Get to Tambomachay
There are three transportation options to get to Tambomachay:
- a 45-minute taxi ride
- public transportation/bus
- advanced booking with a tour operator
Note: If you have not booked a tour with Tambomachay as a destination, be sure you have the Boleto Turístico Cusco that gives access to Tambomachay aside from other archaeological sites.